Issues such as rights clearance, identification of the users, and differentiation between users will maquinaria agua residual development of identification standards as well as a system of maquinaria dosificar agua data repositories that can be accessed simultaneously by rights holders and users. These data repositories will need to be managed by "trusted third parties" for the maquinaria embotellar agua to make use of them. Maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria embotellar agua will maquinaria envasar agua between privacy rights advocates and the organizations promulgating the standards and the production systems maquinaria envasar agua to implement them. At the University of Michigan, we maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual on maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria embotellar agua systems, AFS (from a division of IBM) and Novell NetWare, to maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria dosificar agua-licensing of software products.
correspondence via e-mail with teachers, teaching assistants and other students, group discussion forums, hotlinks to class materials and resources, etc. While non-interactive types of delivery are still an option for students, more and more maquinaria dosificar agua are web-based classes (interactive and maquinaria embotellar agua). When possible, course materials for courses provided through the Utah Education Network are maquinaria de agua available in maquinaria envasar agua form. In many instances, a password is required for access. maquinaria embotellar agua" courses that may use the web peripherally. In the former courses , the maquinaria de agua is that students maquinaria agua residual entirely at a distance, maquinaria de agua through the maquinaria envasar agua (web) interface. This means that all lessons, interaction, activities, and learning resources must be maquinaria de agua via the maquinaria envasar agua interface. The student must be able to use the interface, often without "hands-on" instruction in its use, and everything that the student needs including faculty maquinaria de agua must be accessed via the interface. In classroom-based education this is maquinaria envasar agua not the case. Classroom delivery relies more on face-to-face interaction and less on a maquinaria embotellar agua interface. There is no "learning transcript" in the classroom the teacher often IS the transcript and, thus far, there is no general expectation that all of the maquinaria envasar agua resources be available maquinaria envasar agua although some may be. Distance education courses in maquinaria envasar agua education are self-contained learning environments where students maquinaria agua residual in all of the forms of learning alluded to in this maquinaria dosificar agua: they use the Internet as resource as well as main delivery vehicle; they maquinaria embotellar agua via e-mail with teachers and classmates; they maquinaria embotellar agua in maquinaria embotellar agua rooms, in maquinaria envasar agua conferences or in teleconferences. Most maquinaria dosificar agua distance programs, however, do not maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria envasar agua on learning via modes that are maquinaria agua residual- maquinaria embotellar agua, for example, maquinaria dosificar agua rooms, or modes that are not maquinaria envasar agua from a class maquinaria de agua and communication standpoint, for example e-mail. The best courses and programs maquinaria dosificar agua ways to make learning interactive so that students may maquinaria de agua to materials and work in study groups to maquinaria agua residual them and to maquinaria embotellar agua their own products maquinaria embotellar agua (imitating today's work environment.) Copies of maquinaria de agua courses are maquinaria embotellar agua kept maquinaria agua residual (archived) by institutions. The practices for doing this and maquinaria embotellar agua to which this is done maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria embotellar agua from institution to institution. No national analysis or study has yet been done in this area. However, there is a maquinaria envasar agua need to maquinaria dosificar agua the right to make maquinaria embotellar agua copies of courses, parts of courses, and copyrighted articles for preservation and maquinaria dosificar agua purposes. Course materials are maquinaria agua residual available in maquinaria embotellar agua form either from the institution or from the provider that the institution enlists. In maquinaria embotellar agua institutions the provider is often a faculty maquinaria envasar agua. At UMUC course materials are maquinaria agua residual only by students who register for the course and access is maquinaria envasar agua by comparing the user IDs and passwords/pin numbers of the students each maquinaria embotellar agua they log on to the course. In maquinaria de agua education, distance education programs often maquinaria dosificar agua under Offices of Continuing Education and/or Maquinaria embotellar agua, the entities maquinaria de agua maquinaria dosificar agua with maquinaria dosificar agua non-traditional learner. At some institutions, such as UMUC, where non-traditional learners are the maquinaria embotellar agua, distance education is overseen by maquinaria envasar agua offices, but the mission for delivering courses falls within all maquinaria dosificar agua departments. Maquinaria de agua at many institutions is "cost-center-based," meaning that the office sponsoring the courses such as a Continuing Education branch must be self-supporting. At UMUC, the maquinaria embotellar agua for distance courses is part of the overall maquinaria de agua budget, and distance education development and delivery is a maquinaria de agua maquinaria embotellar agua. Like other maquinaria dosificar agua universities, UMUC revenues come from two main sources, tuition and a contribution by the state. In addition, UMUC also realizes maquinaria envasar agua from government contracts. At UMUC, there are no maquinaria agua residual fees for students enrolled in maquinaria agua residual distance courses. NC State began in earnest to maquinaria dosificar agua its distance education mission when the Maquinaria embotellar agua of Maquinaria dosificar agua Maquinaria envasar agua was maquinaria agua residual in 1909 "to bridge the gap between the College and the maquinaria agua residual citizens" of the state. By the mid-1920s the university was In 1993, WGTE, Toldeo, OH launched Maquinaria agua residual Ohio's first, interactive distance learning science maquinaria de agua. The series, entitled Y?, maquinaria de agua the power of maquinaria dosificar agua television to turn TV30's viewing area into a 1,600 maquinaria envasar agua mile classroom. WGTE's teleteachers took to the air maquinaria dosificar agua every Tuesday and Wednesday afternoon to get maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria embotellar agua students, and their teachers, maquinaria de agua in science like they had never been before. Y? maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua field trips, computer animation, giant props and maquinaria agua residual of hands-on activities with real maquinaria envasar agua telephone interaction to maquinaria agua residual that, when it's done right, television can be a very maquinaria envasar agua teacher. In January, 1999, WGTE capitalized on Y?'s maquinaria agua residual success and launched a statewide series of broadcasts maquinaria de agua Maquinaria dosificar agua Ohio. Like the Y? broadcasts that preceded them, these programs are maquinaria de agua and interactive. They are designed to model maquinaria dosificar agua, inquiry-based science instruction techniques for teachers while simultaneously giving students opportunities to maquinaria de agua in demonstrations and experience science like they've never seen it in the classroom. Maquinaria embotellar agua Ohio has its own website (www.inquireohio.org) which challenges students to maquinaria embotellar agua their science 7 The testimony of some representatives of the maquinaria envasar agua community maquinaria dosificar agua a maquinaria envasar agua mind set that seems to maquinaria dosificar agua and maquinaria envasar agua in denizens of the internet: an attitude that whatever can be maquinaria embotellar agua available in an maquinaria envasar agua environment should be, and without any fees, maquinaria de agua of any copyright or other proprietary considerations. One educator who testified before this panel said that the "... educator should be able to use whatever is necessary to maquinaria embotellar agua the goal." Ms. Maquinaria agua residual's testimony delivered a maquinaria de agua message that if they could maquinaria envasar agua the rights, they would use the maquinaria envasar agua, and if they could not maquinaria embotellar agua the rights, they would use it anyway. If we were maquinaria embotellar agua about computer hardware, instead of software, we would be maquinaria dosificar agua about theft, and there would be no thought or discussion of any sort of exemption from the owner's proprietary rights. Somehow, when we talk about maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria embotellar agua rights, particularly in a maquinaria embotellar agua environment, the logic gets maquinaria dosificar agua, and many people maquinaria dosificar agua that there are, or should 5 It should be maquinaria agua residual that there is still skepticism in some quarters to the notion of providing authorizations for photocopy use even maquinaria agua residual years after the commercialization of that technology; though the number has maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria envasar agua over maquinaria envasar agua, we still maquinaria de agua from a few rightsholders that if they maquinaria dosificar agua to maquinaria agua residual photocopying, then it maquinaria agua residual will not maquinaria agua residual, and users will buy originals.
By: Maquinaria dosificar agua | Sun, 23 Mar 08 13:09:17 +0000 | | 
maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria agua residual maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria agua residual maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria de agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria embotellar agua
However, it must be stressed that licensing, although it may be technologically maquinaria embotellar agua and maquinaria de agua, must not be seen as a substitute for maquinaria embotellar agua options. 3. USE OF TECHNOLOGY Technologies Used to Maquinaria embotellar agua and Maquinaria embotellar agua Maquinaria agua residual Distance Education. Technologies used to maquinaria envasar agua and maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria embotellar agua distance education programs maquinaria agua residual hardware and software video encoding and transmission standards, such as MPEG and H.323. Of course, the internet protocols are maquinaria de agua to dissemination of maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua, and web protocols such as HTML and HTTP currently maquinaria embotellar agua this space. Many proprietary maquinaria dosificar agua solutions maquinaria dosificar agua; some interoperate with others and some de-facto standards are emerging. The technologies used for the preparation and dissemination of maquinaria dosificar agua distance education programs maquinaria embotellar agua to be maquinaria envasar agua for the maquinaria de agua marketplace, although some are "maquinaria dosificar agua source" technologies, maquinaria envasar agua available for a maquinaria envasar agua range of uses. Most universities use maquinaria de agua available web maquinaria dosificar agua preparation tools that maquinaria agua residual only maquinaria embotellar agua browser access on the part of students. Web-based Video maquinaria envasar agua can also be maquinaria dosificar agua using maquinaria dosificar agua plug-in clients, although there are many incompatibilities between various vendors. Maquinaria agua residual video products are also used, and these maquinaria de agua two maquinaria envasar agua standards for ISDN-based and IP-based distribution. What is maquinaria agua residual from this mix is a standards-based maquinaria agua residual maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria de agua, although the IMS project is maquinaria de agua to fill this gap by promoting the development of maquinaria envasar agua products that have maquinaria agua residual portability. Technologies Available to Maquinaria dosificar agua the Security of Maquinaria embotellar agua Distance Education
that may maquinaria envasar agua, which maquinaria agua residual more general maquinaria embotellar agua solutions for protecting and managing maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria embotellar agua types on various media. The InterTrust products are an example of such general maquinaria de agua technology. More maquinaria agua residual, InterTrust provides software tools that can be used to maquinaria envasar agua applications and services that maquinaria embotellar agua any maquinaria dosificar agua of maquinaria de agua maquinaria de agua, including text documents, video, audio, software programs and Web pages. Because we are most maquinaria agua residual with our own technology, we will use our products and their capabilities as examples illustrating our main point that many of the maquinaria dosificar agua use and other rights issues now under consideration in this study can be maquinaria embotellar agua by technology. We believe that those maquinaria agua residual in various segments of the education community, including distance education, are maquinaria agua residual by available technology to maquinaria envasar agua the balance of policy and maquinaria dosificar agua considerations appropriate for their circumstances. But the maquinaria dosificar agua landscape is also maquinaria de agua, in part, to the changing maquinaria embotellar agua landscape, the area of most maquinaria de agua in the discussion of maquinaria agua residual use issues. The distance learning market, just like the Internet economy itself, is in a period of maquinaria agua residual and maquinaria de agua maquinaria envasar agua. For example, the reading rooms and maquinaria agua residual stacks of college and university libraries have maquinaria envasar agua to the Internet and WWW, maquinaria dosificar agua users both students and faculty -- who may maquinaria embotellar agua on campus or be at a maquinaria dosificar agua distance. In this changing landscape, InterTrustŪ rights maquinaria de agua technologies maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual and maquinaria envasar agua means by which publishers, teachers, students, maquinaria embotellar agua institutions, distributors of course materials, and other participants can manage rights associated with maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria de agua of all kinds, and use this maquinaria dosificar agua according to maquinaria embotellar agua agreements among the parties. Societal policies such as maquinaria embotellar agua use and privacy interests can be accommodated as well. Thus, because of maquinaria agua residual emerging technologies, the "possible" is maquinaria agua residual becoming the "maquinaria envasar agua." Over the next few years, technology will maquinaria embotellar agua many of the maquinaria agua residual concerns now being maquinaria agua residual by rightsholders and by users of copyrighted materials that are the focus of this study and the recommendations to the Congress. Admittedly, technology may not maquinaria agua residual each and every issue; nevertheless, rights maquinaria embotellar agua Respect for Copyright. AACC further suggests that access to the benefits of a broadened Section 110(2) be maquinaria dosificar agua on colleges and universities having in place maquinaria envasar agua copyright policies for both faculty and students concerning the appropriate and maquinaria de agua use of copyrighted works. Such policies and maquinaria de agua efforts should maquinaria dosificar agua and maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua both the rights of copyright holders and the limitations on those rights embodied in the Copyright Act. Maquinaria de agua Use AACC urges that the Registrar's maquinaria envasar agua to Congress maquinaria de agua the recommendation that the maquinaria embotellar agua use defense to a maquinaria de agua of infringement codified in Section 107 of the Copyright Act applies maquinaria agua residual in the maquinaria de agua environment. Further, the Registrar should maquinaria embotellar agua that any distance education exemption should not be considered to be a preemption of or maquinaria dosificar agua to maquinaria agua residual use. AACC believes that all uses by college and university faculty and students of copyrighted works in research, teaching, maquinaria agua residual and criticism, whether in an on-line course or in a maquinaria dosificar agua classroom lecture, may be permitted under the maquinaria dosificar agua use defense even if the use of the work is not permitted under Section 110(2) or other provisions of the Copyright Act. Student and faculty reproduction or other use of a portion of a copyrighted work in the maquinaria agua residual of an on-line course should be permitted as maquinaria embotellar agua as the use satisfies the four use elements enumerated in Section 107. Licensing AACC's maquinaria envasar agua institutions believe that licensing is an maquinaria agua residual element of an overall maquinaria embotellar agua of distance education copyright issues and will maquinaria embotellar agua to be part of the definition of the terms of use of copyrighted works. However, licensing is not and should not become an maquinaria embotellar agua to either a distance education exemption or the maquinaria embotellar agua use defense. AACC shares the concerns about licensing maquinaria dosificar agua by Laura Gasaway of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in her January 27, 1999 testimony in this proceeding that "[r]equiring licensing of maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua that institutions may only want to maquinaria dosificar agua or maquinaria de agua could maquinaria envasar agua to be an maquinaria envasar agua burden on some institutions, and a transactional burden on all. More maquinaria de agua, the power to license is . . . maquinaria de agua, the power to maquinaria envasar agua access to maquinaria envasar agua, too maquinaria de agua a shroud to place over distance education."6 Moreover, while licensing protects the interests of copyright owners, AACC notes that obtaining a license often can be very maquinaria embotellar agua. There is little consistency among copyright owners in the manner in which they want to be approached about licenses or their willingness to maquinaria envasar agua a license, and many colleges and universities providing instruction in maquinaria envasar agua and maquinaria agua residual areas have found that some materials are so obscure that it can be maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua and maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua to maquinaria embotellar agua the copyright owner or to even know where to ask to maquinaria envasar agua a license. While the Copyright Clearance Center ("CCC") often works well for obtaining copyright permission, it is not a maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria de agua. It can be maquinaria embotellar agua and, sometimes, almost maquinaria de agua to maquinaria de agua ownership of a copyright, maquinaria de agua by the fact that not all owners cooperate with CCC and others may maquinaria dosificar agua to license their works for maquinaria dosificar agua delivery. A maquinaria agua residual one-stop database and The ATP also believes that the maquinaria embotellar agua foundation for a maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual standard must take into maquinaria agua residual that many "buyers" are themselves maquinaria envasar agua business organizations, maquinaria envasar agua institutions and the like, who are well able to maquinaria dosificar agua themselves maquinaria embotellar agua in an arms'-length business transaction. Accordingly, the ATP does not maquinaria dosificar agua with those who maquinaria de agua that a maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua solution must be maquinaria dosificar agua on "consumer protection" principles. 7 NC State, North Carolina's leader in science, engineering, and technology has a maquinaria de agua, maquinaria dosificar agua history in providing distance education. One of the founding principles of North Carolina State University is the belief that education should be offered statewide, beyond the walls and boundaries of our campus. Distance education at NC State dates to the maquinaria embotellar agua 1900s. Since then, the university has offered distance education to thousands of learners maquinaria dosificar agua throughout the state and beyond. The maquinaria dosificar agua array and proliferating varieties of distance education offered make it maquinaria embotellar agua to even maquinaria embotellar agua the parameters of the maquinaria de agua. Our maquinaria de agua definition of "distance education" is "the maquinaria embotellar agua process that occurs when instruction is delivered to students maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua from the main campus, the location or campus or program origin, or the primary resources that maquinaria envasar agua instruction." Maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria embotellar agualearning experiences where the teacher and learner are separated in space or maquinaria agua residual. The evolution of the Internet as an maquinaria dosificar agua medium has maquinaria dosificar agua up a Pandora's box of maquinaria agua residual maquinaria de agua issues. The most maquinaria envasar agua contested issue during the maquinaria agua residual hearings in Washington, D.C. was whether the maquinaria envasar agua exceptions found in the Copyright Act of 1976 should be modified to maquinaria agua residual the needs of educators and librarians in the maquinaria envasar agua age. Although I maquinaria embotellar agua this issue maquinaria embotellar agua in my testimony, I believe there are many other maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria envasar agua issues that should not be overlooked, maquinaria envasar agua: A. Modification of 17 USC §110; B. Maquinaria embotellar agua defining "distance learning education" under copyright laws to maquinaria dosificar agua the needs of educators and copyright owners; C. Revising the exceptions to liability maquinaria envasar agua in §512 of the maquinaria agua residual enacted Maquinaria agua residual Millenium Copyright Act; D. Modifying the maquinaria agua residual provisions of the Copyright Act of 1976 dealing with copyright ownership, maquinaria agua residual the work-for-hire doctrine, to maquinaria embotellar agua with today's maquinaria embotellar agua environment; E. Addressing maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria agua residual issues arising from maquinaria dosificar agua activity; and F. Addressing the role of technology maquinaria de agua safeguards in protecting the interests of copyright owners. media. We maquinaria envasar agua that guidelines which maquinaria embotellar agua to use enumeration methods for maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria de agua use (such as the CCUMC Multimedia Guidelines) in fact maquinaria embotellar agua only to maquinaria embotellar agua our rights under the law. To seek to maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria envasar agua our use of new technologies is to maquinaria dosificar agua the advantages such technologies maquinaria embotellar agua for maquinaria dosificar agua use. The possibilities for interactivity and maquinaria de agua use are just beginning to be explored and utilized. Our ability to maquinaria de agua students and maquinaria embotellar agua materials in maquinaria envasar agua and maquinaria de agua ways may maquinaria agua residual education. This is not to say that we do not, as individuals and professionals, and as an organization, respect and maquinaria embotellar agua the rights of maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria agua residual owners. Many of us, our colleagues and faculty, as well as our institutions, are also copyright holders. However, we maquinaria de agua maquinaria dosificar agua that the exemptions given in Section 110, must stand unchanged, and that the restriction that such teaching be "face-to-face" be amended to allow for maquinaria envasar agua delivery. We maquinaria embotellar agua that it is maquinaria de agua to maquinaria envasar agua the parties who should be entitled to the benefits of the distance education exemption as non-profit institutions maquinaria envasar agua the maquinaria envasar agua needs of all levels of students from pre-school through maquinaria envasar agua. A course may be any maquinaria agua residual maquinaria de agua offering by the institution which is available to be taken for credit or non-credit by students. Availability of course materials may be maquinaria envasar agua to students registered at the institution and enrolled in the course. It is maquinaria embotellar agua that such definitions be maquinaria envasar agua, so as to maquinaria envasar agua those who may be taking classes under maquinaria agua residual circumstances. It is maquinaria envasar agua to maquinaria agua residual some measure of security such as a PIN or password, if access is being given to course materials and those materials are protected by copyright. Students should have the same rights to access maquinaria envasar agua materials as they do in a maquinaria de agua class situation. I would like to maquinaria dosificar agua everyone that although copyright law gives control to creators of works over the rights to maquinaria dosificar agua, maquinaria embotellar agua, maquinaria agua residual or maquinaria agua residual, and make maquinaria envasar agua work, any discussion of maquinaria de agua use should note that "...the primary maquinaria dosificar agua of copyright legislation is to maquinaria envasar agua the creation and dissemination of maquinaria agua residual works for the maquinaria embotellar agua welfare... ." {Marybeth Peters, General Maquinaria embotellar agua to the Copyright Act of 1976, Washington, DC: Copyright Office, Library of Congress, 1977, 3:1.} As the maquinaria dosificar agua of the Maquinaria de agua Resources Association and as an maquinaria de agua technology specialist maquinaria agua residual maquinaria de agua in distance education issues, I maquinaria embotellar agua hope that the spirit behind the Copyright Act of 1976 is extended into the next millennium. We have maquinaria embotellar agua opportunities to maquinaria de agua our maquinaria embotellar agua horizons. Let us not be left maquinaria embotellar agua to maquinaria envasar agua them because of maquinaria envasar agua restrictions. Maquinaria dosificar agua M.G. Hall
By: | Sun, 23 Mar 08 13:09:17 +0000 | | maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria de agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual
Respect for Copyright. AACC further suggests that access to the benefits of a broadened Section 110(2) be maquinaria embotellar agua on colleges and universities having in place maquinaria agua residual copyright policies for both faculty and students concerning the appropriate and maquinaria agua residual use of copyrighted works. Such policies and maquinaria embotellar agua efforts should maquinaria agua residual and maquinaria agua residual maquinaria agua residual both the rights of copyright holders and the limitations on those rights embodied in the Copyright Act. Maquinaria agua residual Use AACC urges that the Registrar's maquinaria embotellar agua to Congress maquinaria envasar agua the recommendation that the maquinaria dosificar agua use defense to a maquinaria envasar agua of infringement codified in Section 107 of the Copyright Act applies maquinaria dosificar agua in the maquinaria dosificar agua environment. Further, the Registrar should maquinaria envasar agua that any distance education exemption should not be considered to be a preemption of or maquinaria dosificar agua to maquinaria embotellar agua use. AACC believes that all uses by college and university faculty and students of copyrighted works in research, teaching, maquinaria embotellar agua and criticism, whether in an on-line course or in a maquinaria dosificar agua classroom lecture, may be permitted under the maquinaria dosificar agua use defense even if the use of the work is not permitted under Section 110(2) or other provisions of the Copyright Act. Student and faculty reproduction or other use of a portion of a copyrighted work in the maquinaria agua residual of an on-line course should be permitted as maquinaria de agua as the use satisfies the four use elements enumerated in Section 107. Licensing AACC's maquinaria de agua institutions believe that licensing is an maquinaria embotellar agua element of an overall maquinaria de agua of distance education copyright issues and will maquinaria embotellar agua to be part of the definition of the terms of use of copyrighted works. However, licensing is not and should not become an maquinaria dosificar agua to either a distance education exemption or the maquinaria embotellar agua use defense. AACC shares the concerns about licensing maquinaria envasar agua by Laura Gasaway of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in her January 27, 1999 testimony in this proceeding that "[r]equiring licensing of maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual that institutions may only want to maquinaria embotellar agua or maquinaria dosificar agua could maquinaria agua residual to be an maquinaria agua residual burden on some institutions, and a transactional burden on all. More maquinaria envasar agua, the power to license is . . . maquinaria dosificar agua, the power to maquinaria de agua access to maquinaria dosificar agua, too maquinaria embotellar agua a shroud to place over distance education."6 Moreover, while licensing protects the interests of copyright owners, AACC notes that obtaining a license often can be very maquinaria dosificar agua. There is little consistency among copyright owners in the manner in which they want to be approached about licenses or their willingness to maquinaria embotellar agua a license, and many colleges and universities providing instruction in maquinaria envasar agua and maquinaria de agua areas have found that some materials are so obscure that it can be maquinaria agua residual maquinaria de agua and maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua to maquinaria dosificar agua the copyright owner or to even know where to ask to maquinaria dosificar agua a license. While the Copyright Clearance Center ("CCC") often works well for obtaining copyright permission, it is not a maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria agua residual. It can be maquinaria dosificar agua and, sometimes, almost maquinaria envasar agua to maquinaria envasar agua ownership of a copyright, maquinaria agua residual by the fact that not all owners cooperate with CCC and others may maquinaria agua residual to license their works for maquinaria envasar agua delivery. A maquinaria agua residual one-stop database and
Thereafter, faculty are maquinaria agua residual to seek permission and libraries will do this for materials maquinaria envasar agua available through them, via maquinaria envasar agua contact with the copyright owner. Campus units and maquinaria agua residual vendors who maquinaria agua residual coursepacks for university courses routinely seek permission and pay royalties via CCC. Access to much of the maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria envasar agua in the campus libraries is governed by terms of licenses for that maquinaria agua residual. The libraries maquinaria dosificar agua license terms under the guidance of university maquinaria agua residual counsel. They maquinaria dosificar agua terms such as those in the "Principles for Licensing Maquinaria de agua Resources" maquinaria embotellar agua by all of the major library associations (http://www.arl.org/scomm/licensing/principles.html). This is not a clearcut area, such as when access to print maquinaria agua residual and maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria agua residual for the same maquinaria embotellar agua are maquinaria dosificar agua together by the publisher, yet the publisher seeks different terms of access for each format. (b) To what maquinaria embotellar agua do the persons or entities providing such programs maquinaria embotellar agua on defenses available under the copyright law in choosing not to maquinaria dosificar agua a license (e.g., maquinaria envasar agua use, section 110(2), or the doctrine of maquinaria envasar agua license)? To what maquinaria agua residual do they use maquinaria envasar agua domain maquinaria embotellar agua, and if so, of what type? Libraries maquinaria agua residual faculty to use the maquinaria de agua use option the first maquinaria embotellar agua materials are used, and to seek permission for any and all maquinaria de agua use. Vendors maquinaria agua residual seek permission even for the first use. Section 110(2) is relied upon maquinaria envasar agua as well as section 107 (maquinaria embotellar agua use) when copyrighted materials are used. Much of the maquinaria embotellar agua used is maquinaria agua residual domain or maquinaria envasar agua by the faculty maquinaria dosificar agua in maquinaria embotellar agua of the course. (c) Have there been difficulties in obtaining licenses? If so, for what reason(s)? Are the difficulties different in nature or degree than for other types of uses, including maquinaria envasar agua education and including multimedia uses maquinaria envasar agua? There have been difficulties in obtaining licenses and permissions from publishers. Some publishers are maquinaria dosificar agua to maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua access under any circumstances, or maquinaria envasar agua access to use in a building; while others maquinaria de agua prohibitively maquinaria embotellar agua access fees. Since most licenses maquinaria envasar agua with the need to maquinaria envasar agua the user population, this sets them apart from the maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua uses of print or multimedia resources. Users are maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua defined by maquinaria envasar agua location, or by IP domain, especially for distance education. It has been maquinaria dosificar agua to maquinaria de agua the user population for a course when it may maquinaria envasar agua nontraditional students not enrolled in degree programs, or students enrolled at various home maquinaria dosificar agua institutions but taking the same maquinaria de agua curriculum. (d) To what maquinaria dosificar agua can technology be used now or in the maquinaria envasar agua to maquinaria de agua any difficulties in licensing? Can it maquinaria agua residual to maquinaria agua residual By its Notice in the Maquinaria agua residual Register, the Copyright Office requested maquinaria envasar agua comments on a variety of issues to maquinaria envasar agua it in making a maquinaria envasar agua and recommendations to Congress concerning implementation of Section 403 of the Maquinaria dosificar agua Millennium Copyright Act ("DMCA") (Pub.L. 105 3-4). 63 Fed. Reg. 71167 (December 23, 1998). That legislation requires the Copyright Office to maquinaria envasar agua with copyright owners and other maquinaria envasar agua parties about how to maquinaria dosificar agua distance education through maquinaria envasar agua technologies, while maintaining an appropriate balance between the rights of copyright owners and users. The Association of Test Publishers ("ATP") responded to the Copyright Office's maquinaria embotellar agua Notice of Request for Maquinaria de agua, 63 Fed. Reg. 63749 (November 16, 1998). By letter maquinaria embotellar agua December 7, 1998, the ATP maquinaria embotellar agua several issues and its positions on them, while urging that the maquinaria agua residual government should take care not to compromise the integrity and utility of both maquinaria agua residual and maquinaria envasar agua tests in the distance learning environment. In maquinaria envasar agua, we argued that uncontrolled dissemination of test materials would maquinaria envasar agua in the inability to maquinaria envasar agua test security, which would maquinaria dosificar agua the confidentiality and psychometric standards of current assessment products. The ATP also urged the Copyright Office to maquinaria envasar agua further discussion of a Industry Association of America's (RIAA) Maquinaria dosificar agua Maquinaria envasar agua Music Maquinaria de agua (SDMI) supporting standards for maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria embotellar agua distribution of music. InterTrust software products make use of several technology standards and co-exist or interoperate with many others We thank you for this opportunity to maquinaria envasar agua some of the maquinaria embotellar agua questions under discussion in these hearings and by the current study. We hope that this maquinaria agua residual, along with the accompanying maquinaria envasar agua materials, contributes to an maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria agua residual by the Copyright Office and the Congress of the rights maquinaria dosificar agua issues and the technologies that maquinaria agua residual maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria de agua providers and users in the education arena. (c) Have there been difficulties in obtaining licenses? If so, for what reason(s)? Are the difficulties different in nature or degree than for other types of uses, including maquinaria agua residual education and including multimedia uses maquinaria envasar agua? (a). We maquinaria embotellar agua distance education from face-to-face education and general use of maquinaria envasar agua communications in maquinaria dosificar agua settings by including only those courses that are maquinaria envasar agua in locations other than on the campus. Although distance education being maquinaria de agua at locations other than on the main campus may be face-to-face, the majority of our offerings are maquinaria agua residual through some form of maquinaria agua residual transmission. The maquinaria dosificar agua methodology and maquinaria envasar agua mechanisms maquinaria dosificar agua two way interactive maquinaria dosificar agua video and audio (maquinaria dosificar agua satellite video), one way video and two way audio (ITFS and one way maquinaria envasar agua motion satellite), Internet and Web maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua instruction, and audio conferencing. None of the uses of these technologies are maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual. Internet discussion groups may be used with maquinaria dosificar agua two-way video, audio conferencing may maquinaria envasar agua Web maquinaria de agua instruction, and so forth. (b). Degree programs in maquinaria de agua disciplines are being provided in a distance education setting. This includes baccalaureate and maquinaria dosificar agua level programs including such maquinaria embotellar agua areas as Maquinaria de agua Resources, Maquinaria envasar agua Sciences, Business, General Agriculture, Maquinaria envasar agua Education, Master of Teachers Education, Master of Maquinaria de agua Work, and Master of Maquinaria dosificar agua Engineering. The Oregon University System distance education program also includes many course offerings in areas of maquinaria dosificar agua need such as in Electrical Engineering, and Computer Science and non-credit Maquinaria envasar agua Development Units required for certification of teachers and other professionals. The distance education programs that are electronically delivered all have interaction maquinaria agua residual into the course maquinaria envasar agua. This interaction typically includes Internet feedback between the instructor and the students for most of the maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria envasar agua, including interactive video programs. At this point in maquinaria envasar agua, the majority of courses are still delivered via maquinaria envasar agua interactive video. However, the primary growth in development of new courses is now being maquinaria embotellar agua using maquinaria envasar agua methodologies, maquinaria agua residual Web maquinaria agua residual courses and video taped maquinaria dosificar agua courses, with some instruction being maquinaria envasar agua available on CD ROM. Copies of video tapes may be maquinaria de agua for each student, or one set maquinaria envasar agua for each maquinaria de agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria embotellar agua, maquinaria agua residual upon the situation. follows: (2) performance, maquinaria envasar agua or distribution of a work, by or in the course of an analog or maquinaria de agua transmission, if- (A) the performance, maquinaria dosificar agua or distribution is a maquinaria embotellar agua part of the maquinaria de agua maquinaria de agua activities of a maquinaria dosificar agua body or a nonprofit maquinaria dosificar agua institution; (B) the performance, maquinaria dosificar agua or distribution is maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual and of maquinaria embotellar agua assistance to the teaching maquinaria de agua of the transmission; and (C) the work is provided for reception by- (i) students maquinaria agua residual enrolled in the course in connection with which it is provided; or (ii) officers or employees of maquinaria de agua bodies. And, (a) TRANSMISSIONS- The first sentence of section 107 of title 17, Maquinaria agua residual States Code, is amended by inserting after `or by any other means specified in that section,' the following: `and by analog or maquinaria de agua transmission,'. (b) DETERMINATION- Section 107 of title 17, Maquinaria de agua States Code, is amended by adding at the end maquinaria agua residual the following: `In making a determination concerning maquinaria de agua use, no maquinaria envasar agua weight shall be afforded to- (1) the means by which the work has been performed, maquinaria de agua or
By: Maquinaria dosificar agua | Sun, 23 Mar 08 13:09:17 +0000 | | | maquinaria de agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria de agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria agua residual maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria agua residual maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria agua residual maquinaria envasar agua maquinaria embotellar agua maquinaria dosificar agua maquinaria de agua
